Controller Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC) may be another key element of the PBN concept of operations (CONOPS), since it provides airвЂ“ground data communications for the air traffic control (ATC) service and the aircrew, reducing risks associated to human factor: poor speaking, radio congestion, message confusion, standardization, etc. Related to GBAS, the Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) is a cooperative technology that enhances pilots and controllersвЂ™ situation awareness, since ADS-B broadcasts own and other aircraft position. Additionally, in several international airports, Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS) approaches have been already successfully tested and implemented. Recently, the development of new and precise GNSS and communication systems has allowed their use on different scenarios: Instrumental Flight Rules (IFR) departures, initial and final approaches, etc. These standard navigation systems lack new required performance navigation and required big deal of maintenance, especially in redundant systems. Air navigation systems have been without mayor updates for nearly 40В years, when most Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Range (VOR) and Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN) systems were implemented worldwide in the civil and military fields, respectively.

One of the main improvements of Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) is the use of satellites and more precise and accurate onboard instruments than current standard avionics related to ground-based navigation aids (VOR, NDB, DME, etc.). The present work reviews the new concept of operation that will be soon implemented in SESAR and NextGen (January 2020) using new state-of-the-art technology mainly based on onboard avionics: data link equipment, broadcast and surveillance systems, and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) area augmentation.

Air navigation gps